Postpartum pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema (Hamman's syndrome).

Hamman (1939) first described postpartum pneumomediastinum in association with subcutaneous emphysema. This condition, also referred to as Hamman’s syndrome, is rare, with only about 200 cases reported worldwide [1], with an estimated incidence of 1 in 100,000 vaginal deliveries [2]. Despite its daunting presentation, the condition is usually minimal and the course is self-limiting [1]. Subcutaneous emphysema in the neck has also been linked to vomiting during pregnancy [3]. Chest pain is the most common symptom of pneumomediastinum although the severity depends on the location and amount of air (Hamman 1939). Additional symptoms may include dyspnoea, cough, and palpitations. A definitive diagnosis is made radiographically [1].